Portugal

Zheng
Anthony

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The political cause for the American Revolution was and the failure of the British to give the American colonies representation in government. The lack of colonial control over the colonies frustrated the colonists. The fact that Britain did not think to implement these measures almost inevitably led to dissatisfaction in the colonies. The colonists then became upset because of the Proclamation Act of 1763, and the Stamp Act. These Acts effectively "punished" colonists for fighting the 7 years war, taxing the colonists and giving away the Ohio Valley, the reason why the war even started. Colonial attempts to speak out against these Acts were responded to by rough attempts to regain control such as the Townshend Acts and later, the Intolerable Acts, instead of negotiation. This forced the American colonists to resort to violence, causing the American Revolution. A lot of this anger towards the British is the main reason for the war. Another major factor that started boiling new anger was the economy. ======

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The economy had pushed many colonists pushed to the brink, and many had become very angry. War is really expensive, and the British had a huge debt from the Seven Years War. The best way to get money fast was to tax the colonists. The Stamp Act was intoduced, when colonies bought goods, they would have to buy stamps to show that you payed the tax. ======

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A new term was created, "No taxation without representation!"  The colonists got angry and formed a group called the Sons of Liberty, led by wealthy businessmen. ======

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The Sons of Liberty had even started a new way to show their anger : Tarring and Feathering. When the tax collector came by, the y would pour hot tar and feathers on him. Another example of the colonists anger was the Boston Tea party. Colonists dressed up as Natives for a publicity stunt and dumped all the Tea from a shipping boat into the ocean. The economy was clearly irritating the colonists. Nobody had economic freedom. ======

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All of this really leads up to soci o logical causes. The economic and political causes seem to be the main reason that hate was created towards the British, but the question is, what started all this hate? This now ultimately goes to soci o logical causes. ======

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The colonists who were rebelling against Britain were made up of several groups of people; British, Scotts, and Irish, all of them once being under British control. So of course, they would all naturally be against Britain from the start as they were all treated unfairly when they were B ritish colonies. They were taken advantage of economically and forced to convert, much like what happened in New France to the Natives. The colonists in truth were starting to realize how different they were growing from their own home country. In some parts, religion was a huge difference. The British were Anglican, though in the south, many were strict and loyal Puritans, creating social tension ======

2)Why the American Colonist Won:
The Colonists were fighting the most powerful nation in the world with an army so bad it wasn't even techically an army. How could they possibly defeat the British?

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The British probably had every advantage possible short of supply lines. The British had not lost a war for so long that they're almost in a god - like state. With the power of their Navy they could negate and harass any part of the American coast line. On fair grounds the British would totally annihilate the Americans because of their highly trained troop s, navy, economy, and state of the art weaponry. ======

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Even though Britain had many advantage s, they had a lot of disadvantages as well. A major disadvantage was the length of the supply routes. Imagine being months away from the battlefield, and i f you needed anything, y ou would have to send it one and a half months in advance. This even ed the playing field to some degree but not enough as the Colonist Army wa s so rag tag that a British Regular wa s probably worth 3-4 militia. Furthermore, the British ha d to be the aggressor because of the nature of this war. This meant the British ha d to kill the head and army of the colonist s. Meaning to fully kill the Colonist's army you would have to go to every single colonist's house and kill anyone who was part of the army. This create d a problem because the enemy is not the army, but rather the collective will of the colonist s in America. You cannot rule people by the point of a gun. Over the past few hundread years England ha d sure burned many bridges with Spain and France. They were potential allies the colonists could have to cause England some serious trouble. ======

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Short of fighting at home with shorter lines of supply and guerrilla warfare the colonists d id not have m any advantages in terms of firepower. If the two countries were to wage full out war, the colonists would have been so beaten up, they would have been erased from history. They d id however have the will of the people on their side. You cannot be ruled by someone you do not wish to ruled by. In recent histoy two of the world's biggest super powers have been trying to conquer Afghanistan. But do they succeed? No, they flat out fail because no one can fight the people's will as long as it's shared by a large group of people. WIth this power and gurilla warefare even the most powerless nation can still put up a good fight. ======

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This list of diadvantages could go on forever as America was not even a country yet. There wa s no currency, there wa s no navy, there wa s no army even, and there was not even a system in place to govern the country. It was as if a bunch of people gathered up and wanted to do something together. This is almost like fighting an army with a civilian army full of makeshift weaponry. ======

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The Brtish were fighting the war the wrong way. They fought the colonists like how they fought their enemies, with cannons and guns. They did not treat the colonists any diff e rently. As a result, the real war was not on the battlefiled, but in the hearts and minds of the people. With each battle and skirmish won, the British lost connection with the Colonist s. As the British continued to fight this way, they lost t he war right when they declared it. Basically the British were trying to solve a rubik's cube with a gun, t he end result being thousands and thousands of tiny chunks of plastic with no hope of solving it. ======

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Something not evident to many people of the U n ited Sates because of that propaganda America use d, wa s that the French and Spanish basically did all the heavy lifting in the war. After the Colonists made an example by winning a battle against the British they got the Spanish and French to help. Now imagine the French and Spanish, they had just lost a war to the English. They ha d a long histroy of losing to the English. Revenge was right for the taking by making the British lose money, land and power. France had just lost all of the ir colonies, and the Spanish were in danger of England's power. This opportunity was too swe e t to pass. It is wise to follow the saying 'T he enemy of my enemy is my friend '. ======

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The distance from England to America is insane, and travling and notifying a month in advance is insane. I can't even imagine not having the internet delay something by an hour let alone a MONTH. Not only w ere the supply lines for England HUGE, but the fact that Spain and France were in Europe allowed them to pressure England. This distract ed and split England's presence. The English were obviously going to focus on the motherland because honestly would you want to keep your legs or you head? ======

-Culture
Freedom of Religion  Civil law  Multiple languages  Proclomation of 1763, Quebec shouldn't be treated differently.

2. Political and Environmental
-Government and Boundaries  Although Britain saw over Canada's activities, and had power in partliament... The colony finally had some power. There were governments for the Upper and Lower nations.  The boundaries expanded, Quebec grew in size.  There became a clear cut border between the United States and Canada.

3. Political
-Peace  The Treaty of Paris, 1763

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The American Revolution had a much different effect on Canada than it did on the United States, but the effect is still significant in it's own way. People remained free in the aspects of culture. Britain could have taken over, forcing Anglicanism on the colony. But Guy Carleton came along, and let them keep their own beliefs and their different systems of government. He let the French and English separate, forming two nations. These two traded and communicated with each other, as well as the First Nations. Canada itself grew, and over time the Canadian-American border became internationally known. The American Revolution achieved what the colonists had wanted for so long, their own say. Suddenly Canada was able to elect leaders and make decisions for their own. And, as a result of the Treaty of Paris in 1763, long standing peace stood between the nations involved. ======

-America
== Effects on the US  The American Revolution not only gave the colonists the liberty that they had sought, its reprecussions also allowed for its development into the world super power it is today.

1)The most important effect of the American Revolution on the United States was the creation of a constitutional republic based on bicameral legislature. This was a very new government focused on liberty and elimination of tyranny by spreading the power across the President, the House of Congress, and the House of Representatives. This made it hard for any one party to hold absolute power. This government system allowed for greater freedom and protection of rights in the new country, facilitating its growth into a world super power. 2)The American Revolution also created a society of people who elevated liberty, and wary of tyranny. People who had suffered from Britain's various imposed laws such as the Stamp Act cherished their new freedom, and did not ever want to return to past injustices. They were wary of the government despite its new and improved form. Thus, the American population generally acted in the interest of each individual, leading to an extremely competitive society. The various spread of ethnic backgrounds and the division into many states also inevitably led to clashes and competition. This competition ended up furthering the development of the nation.

3)The American Revolution finally led to the United States' position in the modern world as an economic super-power. Though it was at first crippled by debt (as it is currently) from the Revolutionary War, the lack of British restrictions on trade and production allowed for economic growth. The competitive attitude of America also pushed business further. The liberty from the government allowed businesses to rise to new potentials.

By strengthening the economy, stabilizing and creating a relatively effective form of government, and creating a society revolving around competetion, the American Revolution led to the development of the United States of America as a world dominating power.